Mathematical Modeling of the Biogas Production Process from the Distillery Spent Wash on the First Stage

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20535/ibb.2019.3.2.166429

Keywords:

Mathematical model, Fermentation, Biogas, Poultry manure, pH, Methane, Distillery spent wash

Abstract

Background. The development of a mathematical model for methane production by the distillery spent wash anaerobic fermentation method in the process of its co-fermentation under conditions of variable pH value is an urgent task. since existing models mainly don’t consider the effect the replacement of a fermented substrate part with a fresh low pH on the methane yield. Such models don’t consider the methane production mechanism under variable environmental conditions, which is the result of the non-constant correlation of the cosubstrates.

Objective. The purpose of the paper is to create a model of biogas formation process in the conditions of a constant supply of one of the cosubstrates, which leads to a decrease in the pH value of the medium.

Methods. Distillery spent wash (DSW) processing was performed by its co-fermentation with poultry manure at cosubstrates manure/DSW ratio 1.7:1 for dry organic matter (DOM). In order to ensure the DSW utilization, the sixth part of the reactor volume was replaced daily with raw distillery spent wash (pH 3.7), without adding new batches of manure. To create a mathematical model, the initial ratio of components was taken into account and it was considered that the manure concentration doesn’t lead to methanogenesis process inhibition. To create a mathematical description of the process of obtaining methane from DSW the Bernard model was used as the base model.

Results. The initial DOM manure/DSW ratio less than 1:1 leads to a change in the pH of the environment, reducing the biogas yield and methane content in it. Periodic daily replacement of fermented substrate part with fresh DSW without disturbing the stabilization of the process is possible when the pH value is not below 6.5. Manure disposal leads to the establishment of a steady state after the 20th day, which is maintained for at least 10 days. A mathematical model is proposed for the biogas formation process from acidic solutions of grain distillery spent wash depending on the daily replacement of 1/6 of the fermented substrate.

Conclusions. It has been established that in the process of distillery spent wash disposing in the anaerobic process, co-fermenting with the rational manure is a daily replacement of 1/6 of the volume of fermented raw materials with fresh distillery spent wash. A mathematical model of biogas formation process was proposed by replacing part of one of the low pH co-substrates. This mathematical model will allow managing the biogas production process at a variable pH value and a part of a substituted substrate in the process of periodical replacement of the part of the reactor working volume into one of the co-substrates, which has a low pH value, without changing the process parameters.

References

Mohana S, Acharya B, Madamwar D. Distillery spent wash: Treatment technologies and potential applications. J Hazardous Mater. 2009;163(1):12-25. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.06.079

Syaichurrozi I, Budiyono, Sumardiono S. Predicting kinetic model of biogas production and biodegradability organic materials: Biogas production from vinasse at variation of COD/N ratio. Biores Technol. 2013;149:390-97. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.09.088

Prakash NB, Sockan V, Sitarama Raju V. Anaerobic digestion of distillery spent wash. J Sci Technol. 2014;4(3):134-40.

Silva C, Abud A. Anaerobic biodigestion of sugarcane vinasse under mesophilic conditions using manure as inoculum. Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science. 2016;11(4):763. DOI: 10.4136/ambi-agua.1897

Moraes B, Triolo J, Lecona V, Zaiat M, Sommer S. Biogas production within the bioethanol production chain: Use of co-substrates for anaerobic digestion of sugar beet vinasse. Biores Technol. 2015;190:227-34. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.04.089

Westerholm M, Hansson M, Schnürer A. Improved biogas production from whole stillage by co-digestion with cattle manure. Biores Technol. 2012;114:314-19. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.03.005

Dyganova RY, Belyaeva YS. Experimental determination of the optimal composition of the complex substrate for anaerobic digestion in the alcohol industry. Izvestia of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. 2014;16(1):1737-40.

Golub NB, Potapova MV. Influence of the cosubstrates ratio to the biogas output upon distillery spent wash utilization. Vidnovliuvana Enerhetyka. 2017;49(2):90-7.

Gerber М, Span R. An analysis of available mathematical models for anaerobic digestion of organic substances for production of biogas. In: Proceedings of the International Gas Research Conference [Internet]. NY: Red Hook; 2008 [cited 5 Dec 2018]. p. 1294-323. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283518957_An_analysis_of_available_mathematical_ models_for_anaerobic_digestion_of_organic_substances_for_production_of_biogas

Buswell A, Mueller H. Mechanism of methane fermentation. Industrial Eng Chem. 1952;44(3):550-2. DOI: 10.1021/ie50507a033

Hill D. A comprehensive dynamic model for animal waste methanogenesis. Trans ASAE. 1982;25(5):1374-80. DOI: 10.13031/2013.33730

Hill D. Simplified monod kinetics of methane fermentation of animal wastes. Agricultural Wastes. 1983;5(1):1-16. DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(83)90009-4

Safley L, Westerman P. Low-temperature digestion of dairy and swine manure. Biores Technol. 1994;47(2):165-71. DOI: 10.1016/0960-8524(94)90116-3

Toprak H. Temperature and organic loading dependency of methane and carbon dioxide emission rates of a full-scale anaerobic waste stabilization pond. Water Res. 1995;29(4):1111-9. DOI: 10.1016/0043-1354(94)00251-2

Vartak D, Engler C, Ricke S, McFarland M. Low temperature anaerobic digestion response to organic loading rate and bioaugmentation. J Environ Sci Health Part A. 1999;34(3):567-83. DOI: 10.1080/10934529909376853

Massé D. Comprehensive model of anaerobic digestion of swine manure slurry in a sequencing batch reactor. Water Res. 2000;34(12):3087-106. DOI: 10.1016/s0043-1354(00)00064-6

Wu B, Bibeau EL. Development of 3-d anaerobic digester heat transfer model for cold weather applications. Trans ASABE. 2006;49(3):749-57. DOI: 10.13031/2013.20482

Kuznetsov LE, Nozhevnikova AN, Nekrasova VK. Microbiological characteristics of a horizontal biogas plant operating on cattle waste. Appl Biochem Microbiol. 1989;25:540-7.

Lenina NV. Treatment in digesters of wastewater complexes for growing cattle. Kyiv: Biological Processing; 1983. 98 p.

Contois D. Kinetics of bacterial growth: Relationship between population density and specific growth rate of continuous cultures. J Gen Microbiol. 1959;21:40-50. DOI: 10.1099/00221287-21-1-40

Chen Y, Hashimoto A. Kinetics of methane fermentation. In: Biotechnology and Bioengineering Symposium [Internet]. New York: Wiley; 1978 [cited 9 Jan 2019]. p. 269-82. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236522506_ Kinetics_of_methane_fermentation

Standards USSR. Organic fertilizer. Method for determination of moisture and dry residue. Moscow; 1986. 3 p. GOST 26713-85.

Standards USSR. Organic dobroenie. Method for the determination of ash. Moscow; 1986. 2 p. GOST 26714-85.

Laboratory ionomer I-160 MI. Manual. LLC "Measuring equipment"; 2007. 70 p.

Laboratory chromatograph LHM – 8MD: technical description, instruction manual. Moscow: Experimental plant "Chromatograph"; 1992. 50 p.

Bernard O, Hadj-Sadok Z, Dochain D, Genovesi A, Steyer J. Dynamical model development and parameter identification for an anaerobic wastewater treatment process. Biotechnol Bioeng. 2001;75(4):424-38. DOI: 10.1002/bit.10036

Published

2019-06-20

How to Cite

1.
Golub N, Potapova M, Karpenko Y. Mathematical Modeling of the Biogas Production Process from the Distillery Spent Wash on the First Stage. Innov Biosyst Bioeng [Internet]. 2019Jun.20 [cited 2024Oct.4];3(2):96-104. Available from: http://ibb.kpi.ua/article/view/166429

Issue

Section

Articles