Innovative Biosystems and Bioengineering http://ibb.kpi.ua/ <p>The international scientific journal Innovative Biosystems and Bioengineering was founded in 2017. IBB introduces a systems approach to life sciences problems.</p> <p>IBB is a quarterly peer-reviewed Open Access e-journal in which readers, immediately upon online publication, can access articles free of costs and subscription charges.</p> <p>e-ISSN 2616-177X</p> <p>Founder and Publisher: National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”.</p> <p>Frequency: 4 issues a year.</p> <p>We accept papers in following languages: English, Ukrainian.</p> <p>Cite the title as: Innov Biosyst Bioeng.</p> <p>Readership: Biotechnologists, Bioengineers, Biomedical researchers and engineers, Biologists.</p> <p>Indexing: Scopus; DOAJ; ROAD; HINARI; Chemical Abstracts Service; CNKI Scholar; Norwegian Register for Scientific Journals, Series and Publishers; J-Gate; Public Knowledge Project Index; ICMJE; JournalTOCs; WCOSJ; Vifabio; EZB; Federation of Finnish Learned Societies; Zeitschriftendatenbank; Polska Bibliografia Naukowa; Scilit; Bielefeld Academic Search Engine; OpenAir; WorldCat.</p> Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute en-US Innovative Biosystems and Bioengineering 2616-177X <p><span>The ownership of copyright remains with the Authors.</span></p><p>Authors may use their own material in other publications provided that the Journal is acknowledged as the original place of publication and National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute” as the Publisher.</p><p>Authors are reminded that it is their responsibility to comply with copyright laws. It is essential to ensure that no part of the text or illustrations have appeared or are due to appear in other publications, without prior permission from the copyright holder.</p>IBB articles are published under Creative Commons licence:<br /><ol type="a"><li>Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0</a> that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.<br /><br /></li><li>Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.<br /><br /></li><li>Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.</li></ol> Application of Aroma Precursors in Food Plant Raw Materials: Biotechnological Aspect http://ibb.kpi.ua/article/view/267094 <p>The article is devoted to the analysis of the main factors accompanying the use of aroma precursors, in particular, of a lipid nature, in food raw materials. The prerequisites for the impact on the precursors of aroma with the help of plant enzymes are given. The purpose of the article is to analyze the biotechnological aspect, which is based on enzymatic reactions with aroma precursors and enzymes of plant origin. Features of the mechanism of action of lipid precursors are highlighted, their diversity causing various characteristic reactions is analyzed, and possible end products of reactions with certain odors are noted. The attention is paid to the issue of the status of the naturalness of flavor precursors in food products, which varies in different countries. A scheme of factors influencing the formation of aroma from lipid precursors has been developed. The influence of pigments of carotenoid nature on the aroma is considered, namely: examples of instantaneous change of watermelon aroma to pumpkin one due to isomerization of carotenoids are given. The main factors of enzymatic formation of aroma from precursors of polyunsaturated fatty acids for their effective use by creating micromicelles are summarized. A way to overcome the barrier of interaction between lipid precursors of a hydrophobic nature and hydrophilic enzymes has been substantiated. It is proposed to accelerate enzymatic reactions under <em>in vitro</em> conditions and use the vacuum effect to overcome the barrier between enzymes and precursors. To explain the effect of vacuum in a system with enzymes, ideas about disjoining pressure and the reasonable expediency of its use are considered. A schematic process flow diagram for the restoration of aroma lost during the technological processing of raw materials is given; it demonstrates the factors for ensuring interfacial activation conditions for enzymes and aroma precursors.</p> Halyna Dubova Anatoliy Bezusov Oksana Biloshytska Natalia Poyedinok Copyright (c) 2022 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2022-12-08 2022-12-08 6 3-4 94 109 10.20535/ibb.2022.6.3-4.267094 Screening of Strains of the Medicinal Mushroom Fomitopsis officinalis (vill.) Bondartsev & Singer Promising for Biotechnological Use http://ibb.kpi.ua/article/view/271383 <p><strong>Background</strong>. Macromycete cultivation methods development will contribute to the production of biotechnological products based on fungus. Determination of the main factors affecting medicinal macromycetes’ life processes allows to control biosynthetic activity of a fungal organism and obtain biotechnological products based on it.</p> <p><strong>Objective</strong>. Screening of <em>Fomitopsis officinalis</em> strains promising for biotechnological use, and determining of physico-chemical factors that affect the cultures life processes.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong>. The objects of the study were three pure cultures of <em>F. officinalis</em> (<em>IBK</em>-2497, <em>IBK</em>-2498, <em>IBK</em>-5004). The influence of the acidity of the environment on the growth of mycelium, the needs of the cultures in the sources of carbon and nitrogen nutrition were determined. The following carbon sources were used: monosaccharides (glucose, xylose), disaccharides (sucrose, lactose) and trisaccharides (raffinose), polysaccharides (starch); nitrogen sources: KNO<sub>3</sub>, (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub>, asparagine, peptone. Dynamics of the culture growth were determined under the conditions of deep cultivation, on a liquid nutrient medium of glucose-peptone-yeast extract (GPA), g/l: glucose – 30.0; peptone – 3.5; yeast extract – 2.0; KH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> – 1.0; K<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub> – 1.0; MgSO<sub>4</sub>×7H<sub>2</sub>O – 0.25.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>. The pH range between 5.5 and 6.0 was the most favorable for active growth of all studied strains of <em>F. officinalis</em>. The best carbon sources for growth were glucose and starch; peptone and asparagine were the best source of nitrogen. Nutrient media with xylose, lactose and nitrate nitrogen were least suitable for growth. Analysis of the strains growth dynamics on the GPA medium showed that the largest mass of mycelium (up to 11.54 ± 0.2 g/l) was produced by culture <em>F. officinalis</em> IBK-5004 on the 10-th day of cultivation. Cultures <em>F. officinalis</em> <em>IBK</em>-2497, <em>IBK</em>-2498 grew slower, and the mycelial mass was 10.33 ± 0.2 and 9.68 ± 0.3 g/l on the 14-th day of cultivation.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions</strong>. Based on the obtained data, the <em>F. officinalis</em> <em>IBK</em>-5004 strain was selected. It can be considered a promising mycelial mass producer based on the set of characteristics.</p> Oksana Mykchaylova Natalia Poyedinok Valeria Shchetinin Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2023-02-17 2023-02-17 6 3-4 110 118 10.20535/ibb.2022.6.3-4.271383 Recombinant Probiotic Preparations: Current State, Development and Application Prospects http://ibb.kpi.ua/article/view/268349 <p>The article is devoted to the latest achievements in the field of research, development, and implementation of various types of medicinal products based on recombinant probiotics. The benefits of probiotics, their modern use in medicine along with the most frequently used genera and species of probiotic microorganisms were highlighted. The medicinal and therapeutic activities of the studied probiotics were indicated. The review suggests various methods of creating recombinant probiotic microorganisms, including standard genetic engineering methods, as well as systems biology approaches and new methods of using the CRISPR-Cas system. The range of potential therapeutic applications of drugs based on recombinant probiotics was proposed. Special attention was paid to modern research on the creation of new, more effective recombinant probiotics that can be used for various therapeutic purposes. Considering the vast diversity of therapeutic applications of recombinant probiotics and ambiguous functions, their use for the potential treatment of various common human diseases (non-infectious and infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, metabolic disorders, and allergic conditions) was investigated. The prospects for creating different types of vaccines based on recombinant probiotics together with the prospects for their implementation into medicine were considered. The possibilities of using recombinant probiotics in veterinary medicine, particularly for the prevention of domestic animal diseases, were reviewed. The prospects for the implementation of recombinant probiotics as vaccines and diagnostic tools for testing certain diseases as well as modeling the work of the human digestive system were highlighted. The risks of creation, application, including the issues related to the regulatory sphere regarding the use of new recombinant microorganisms, which can potentially enter the environment and cause unforeseen circumstances, were outlined.</p> Anna Khablenko Svetlana Danylenko Olena Yalovenko Olexii Duhan Oksana Potemskaia Dmytro Prykhodko Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2023-02-15 2023-02-15 6 3-4 119 147 10.20535/ibb.2022.6.3-4.268349 Indicators of Bioelectrical Activity of the Rat Heart After Prenatal Hypoxia and Pharmacological Correction http://ibb.kpi.ua/article/view/268504 <p>Background. Posthypoxic cardiopathy is one of the risk factors for the development of cardiovascular pathology (rhythm disturbances, vascular dystonia, etc.) in subsequent age periods and requires the development of treatment approaches.</p> <p>Objective. to evaluate the cardioprotective effect of modulators of the NO system by the effect on the ECG of rats after intrauterine hypoxia.</p> <p>Methods. Modeling of prenatal hypoxia (PH) by daily intraperitoneal administration of sodium nitrite solution to pregnant female white rats weighing 220–240 g, aged 4.5 months, from the 16th to the 21st day of pregnancy at a dose of 50 mg/kg. The offspring were administered daily from the 1st to the 30th day of life – tiazotic acid (morpholinium 3-methyl-1,2,4-triazolyl-5-thioacetic acid), 50 mg/kg, angiolin ([S]-2,6-diaminohexane acid 3-methyl-1,2,4-triazolyl-5-thioacecate), 50 mg/kg, L-arginine, 200 mg/kg, meldonium (2-(2-carboxyethyl)-1,1,1-trimethylhydrazinium), 100 mg/kg. Аnd then after 2 months of life, an ECG was recorded using the ECG TUNNEL system (without anesthesia).</p> <p>Results. Postponed PG leads to a decrease in heart rate and significant dominance of parasympathetic innervation in regulation of electrical activity of the heart, which can be caused by sinus blockade and may be a reflection of parasympathetic regulation of the heart instead of sympathetic control of electrical activity in the norm. The effectiveness of drugs can be presented in descending order: angiolin &gt; tiazotic acid &gt; meldonium. Angiolin proved to be more effective than tiazotic acidin normalizing the electrical activity of the heart and restoring the neurogenic regulation of the automatism of the function of the sinus node.</p> <p>Сonclusions. The prospects of further study of modulators of the NO system with different mechanisms of action as means of cardioprotection of posthypoxic disorders of the cardiovascular system in newborns are experimentally substantiated.</p> Olena Popazova Igor Belenichev Andrii Abramov Nina Bukhtiyarova Ihor Chereshniuk Dmytro Skoryna Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2023-03-02 2023-03-02 6 3-4 148 160 10.20535/ibb.2022.6.3-4.268504 Effect of Plants Morphological Parameters on Plant-Microbial Fuel Cell Efficiency http://ibb.kpi.ua/article/view/273108 <p><strong>Background. </strong>Plant-microbial fuel cell (PMFC) is an innovative biotechnology for the environmentally safe bioelectricity generation. The widespread use of bioelectrical systems (biosystems) is hindered by their insufficient efficiency due to limiting knowings of the relationship between bioelectricity generation and features of their biotechnological components.</p> <p><strong>Objective.</strong> Тhe purpose of this study was to analyze the role of the plants morphological parameters and structure features of biomodules on generation of bioelectricity.</p> <p><strong>Methods. </strong>Biometric, biogravimetric, voltammetric, and statistical analysis methods were used to assess the relationship between plant`s accumulated mass of leaf and roots, multielectrode design of biosystem and bioelectricity generation.</p> <p><strong>Results.</strong> PMFC based on sedge <em>C. hirta</em> with the largest accumulated total dry leaf/stem and root mass and also the rhizome-like and developed fibrous root system were characterized by the highest power output compared to other biosystems. The power density was 970 ± 22 mW m<sup>-</sup><sup>2</sup> PGA. The parallel stacking of biomodules leads to obtain current output about 108.7 mA. That is why the developed biotechnological systems can be recommended as a foundation for the development of power supply for WiFi microcontrollers that consume 100 mA or for charging batteries.</p> <p>Conclusions. Sedge <em>С.</em><em> hirta</em> were appeared as the more suitable plants for biological component of biosystem of bioelectricity generation. Power density of <em>С.</em><em> hirta</em> based PMFC exceeded the one of based on other plants in 9.3–37.9%.The type and level of development of the root system and of the above-ground photosynthetic surface of plant are an important prognostic factors of the PMFC perfomance. A 10-fold increase of the electrode surface of one biomodule results in 3.95 times increase of power density at 200 W. The multielectrodeity biomodule reveals as another lever for increasing the efficiency of biosystems which allows obtaining significantly increase power density and current density in the range of electrical resistance from 50 to 500 W.</p> Iryna Rusyn Oksana Fihurka Vasyl Dyachok Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2023-03-03 2023-03-03 6 3-4 161 168 10.20535/ibb.2022.6.3-4.273108 Optical Characteristics of Silver Nanoparticles Obtained Using Artemisia tilesii Ledeb. "Hairy" Root Extracts With High Flavonoid Content http://ibb.kpi.ua/article/view/271259 <p><strong>Background</strong><strong>.</strong> "Hairy" roots can be used for production of plant-derived secondary metabolites, such as flavonoids, which have antioxidant and reducing properties. It seems promising to use the process of silver nanoparticles formation as a method of determining the level of reducing power. This approach allows simul­taneously to obtain nanoparticles with different biological activity and evaluate the reducing potential of dif­ferent plants.</p> <p><strong>Objective</strong><strong>.</strong> The aim of the study was to determine the dependence of optical properties (ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectra) of solutions of silver nanoparticles obtained using wormwood "hairy" root extracts on the content of flavonoids as compounds with reducing activity.</p> <p><strong>Methods</strong><strong>.</strong> Four<em> Artemisia</em> <em>tilesii</em> “hairy” root lines from the collection of the Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering NAS of Ukraine were grown for five weeks in liquid 1/2 MS medium with 20 g/l sucrose. "Hairy" roots were homogenized in 70% ethanol, the extracts were centrifuged, total flavonoid content was determined, and extracts were used for the silver nanoparticles preparation via reduction of Ag<sup>+</sup> to Ag<sup>0</sup> from AgNO<sub>3</sub>. UV-Vis spectra at 300–600 nm range were recorded right after colloid solution preparation, in five, and in nine days.</p> <p><strong>Results</strong><strong>.</strong> Total flavonoid content varied from 4.01 ± 0.39 to 15.37 ± 1.08 mg RE/g FW. The UV-Vis spectra curves of absorption increased with the course of time, mostly from day 0 to day 5. At this period, absorption at 370–500 nm wavelength increased almost twofold. The peak absorption of all samples was detected at 440 nm, and the maximum values at the wavelength of 440 nm correlated with the content of flavonoids. This correlation did not change over time.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions.</strong> The optical properties of silver nanoparticles colloid solutions obtained using <em>A. tilesii</em> "hairy" root extracts correlated with the total flavonoid content of the samples. Even though the absorbance of the colloid solutions increased with time, those increases correlated with flavonoid content as well. The determination of the optical properties of AgNPs colloid solution can be used as a convenient way of quickly comparing the reducing ability of extracts both right after the formation of a colloidal solution and after some time of its storage.</p> Taisa Bohdanovych Nadiia Matvieieva Copyright (c) 2023 Taisa Bohdanovych, Nadiia Matvieieva http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 2023-03-19 2023-03-19 6 3-4 169 177 10.20535/ibb.2022.6.3-4.271259